Refrigerating apparatus



J. c. scovEL, JR

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Mar. 3,

Filed oct". 4, 1922 :s sheets-sneetvg www,

I necessary to accommodate the apparatus arez-All ably integral therewith are one or more com Patented 3.; 1925 i y UNITED' STATES JOHN c. scovm., m., oF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, Assi-nonro THE' Cammy ramon ILEG. COMPANY, OE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F REFRIGEBATING APPARATUS.

Appncattqn med october-4,

To all/whom Muay/concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN C. Soovnn, J r., a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and the State of' Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Refrigerating Apparatus, of which the following is a specication. l

The invention relates' to refrigerating apparatus, more particularly to the refrigerant condensing means employed in such apparatus.

r In the smallerunits of refrigerating apy paratus, designed for use in domestic or small commercial installations', compactness of arrangement anda minimum of space.

important features. Certain minimum areasof radiating surface are necessary in the commonly used water-cooled conduits wherein condensation of the returned refrigerant gas is effected after compression. As heretofore arranged such 'condeneers are bulky and require a considerable space in'the installation of the apparatus. One of the objects of this invention is to provide a condenser of vextremely compact construction, in which theheat extracting eficiency -of the cooling medium is largely increased with a decrease in the space commonly required for the accommodation of the cooling coils.

Another object is to provide an arrange. mentof waterecooled condenser piping in which a materially shortened length of conduit may be employed without sacrifice of A cooling' surface area.

A furtherobject is to provide a simple, durable and inexpensive condenser construction which may be housed in a unitary structure adapted also to accommodate the cooling medium about-.the compression cvlinders.

Other objects and advantages will be ap` parent in the Vfollowing detailed description of a preferred embodiment of my invention which Ilhave chosen for illustration in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, Fig..1 represents van end elevation of a refrigerating machine ernploying the features-of the invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine with-the upper portion of the condenser housing or casing removed. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the machine. Fig. 4 is a cross sectional elevation of the compression 1922. seria; mi. s92,26s. l

cylinders, condenser'and-casing. Figs. 5 andV 6 are respectively a vertical sectional view- 2 for driving the apparatus. As illustrated herein, the compressor unit comprises ia pulley 5, the latter in the present instance receiving power through a belt 6 from the motor 2; r

Mounted on the crank case and prefer the crankshaft 4. The enlarged upper porf' tions of the' cylinders as shown :are adapted to'accommodate discharge valve heads (not shown) of any suitable type, the compressed gas being discharged therefrom through the passages 8 to the condenser coils. Lowpressure gas returning from the 1 refrigerating ,l closed crank case 3 in which is-suitably journaled a crank shaft 4: carrying a driving coils is conducted through the pipe 9, scale trap 10, and passage 11 formed inthe crank` case and cylinder strl'icture, to the interior of t-he sealed crankl case.

A sectional casing 12, carried by thecrank case and with its lower portion preferably integral therewith, entirely 'encloses the cyl` inders 7 and provides also a substantial chamber thereabout. Housed within the casing 12 is a condenser of' --double tubing comprising an outer tube 13 and a spaced in'- chamber in compact arrangement minimiz ing the space necessary for its accommodation, and preferablyterminating respectivelyat the to and bottom ofthe chamber,

the ends of he outer tube 13being suitablyI closed and sealed to the inner tube 14.

A tubular'connection 16 leads from the,

junction of the discharge passages 8 and communicates. through the wallof the `t be 13, preferably adjacent its upper end, viithulo.

iol

quired.

the annular passage 15. Another connection 'A charging connection 2O permits the renewal of the charge of refrigerant when re- A further connection 22 opening from the upper portion of the tube 13 leads through the casing l2 to a pressure gage 2 3. A valved oil drain 24 provides an outlet for the crank case when desired.

The condenser cooling medium, preferably water, enters through the lower portion of the casing by the pipe 25, the latter being a continuation ofthe inner condenser tube 14. After coursing within the inner tube through the condenser, the water is discharged into the casing chamber from the-open upper end 26 of the tube 14, filling the chamber and submerging the outer condenser tube 13. The water in the chamber also subinerges and cools the compression cylinders 7. discharge'outlet 27 provides Vfor the outflow of the warmed water from the casing.

vIn operation, the compressed refrigerant gas being discharged from the cylinders flows through the annular passage 15 in the condenser on its way to the receiver 19. The

' the heat from the flowing gas and materi-y form of the passage creates an annular stream of gas of thin cross section which is in contact both inwardly and outwardly with the water cooled walls of the tubes 14 and 13. It will be obvious that my arrangement of both inner-and outer cooling walls greatlyfacilitates the absorbtion of ally hastens its liquetication.

The increased efficiency obtained by both submerging the condenser and lproviding an inner cooling coil therein, permits a large reduction in the dimensions of thc condenser coils from that otherwise necessary to effect the cooling and liqueiication of the com- .pressed gas, the combined. effective cooling surface of the inner and outer condenser coils being approximately twice that of -a single submerged tube or of a double tube cooled internally only.

Also, by my arrangement of the subinerging chamber about the compression cylinders, the water bath effects the cooling of the cylinders Without other provision of Water jackets thereabout. The reduced dimensions of the condenser coils permits this arrangement withinpracticable dimensional limits of the compressor unit, and accomp-lishes extreme compactness in, the apparatus as a Whole.

It will now be apparent that I have provided a simple,l durable and inexpensive construction which effectively accomplishes the purpose set forth herein.

I claim asrmy invention:

1. In -apparatus of the class combination with fluid compressingmeans of a casing forming an enclosed lchamber about lsaid compressing means, and a double tubular conduit in said casing comprising an outer tube enclosing a spacedfinner tube and forming a passage therebetween, said passage being connectedwith said compress? ing means to receive compressed Huid for condensation and having an outlet therefor, said inner tube .having connection with a supply of cooling liquid and discharging same into said chamber, thereby submerging said conduit and said compressing means.

2. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a Huid compressor cylinder, a casing substantially enclosing said cylinder and adapted to contain cooling liquid for the submersion of said cylinder, a coiled double tube in said casing positioned for submersion in said cooling liquid and comprising an inner tube having one end connected with a supply of cooling liquid exterior to said casing and having its other end open for the discharge of said liquid into said casing, and an outer tube enclosing said inner tube in spaced relation to form a passage therebetween, the ends .of

said outer tube being sealed upon said inner described, the l tube, a connection for the iow of compressed I liuid from said compressor cylinder to said passage, and an outlet connection from said passage for the discharge of condensed fluid.

3. In refrigerating apparatus, a combined compressor and condenser unit comprising a pair of compression cylinders, a closed crank case supporting said cylinders and communicating therewith, a sectional casing having a base portion supported on said crank case and having a removable cover portion, said casing enclosing a chamber about said cylinders, a refrigerant inlet passage formed in the base of said casing opening into said'crank case, and a double tubular condenser in said chamber having an annular refrigerant passage and an inner cooling medium passage, said refrigerant passage having'connection vwith said cylinders to receive compressed refrigerant therefrom and having a refrigerant outlet`.connection through a wall of said casing, and said inner passage having a. water supply connection through a wall of said casing whereby water may flow through said inner passage and be discharged therefrom to lill said chamber and submerge said cylinders and said condenser.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set 

